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3D Animated films are static literature built on the same technology as the metaverse. It holds a special fascination for me. So here is a brief history, from the exciting initial beginnings of 3D animation to the now pretty much routine experiences of today.

Pre-1995

When Toy Story came out in 1995, it pretty much shocked the world. No one had ever seen anything like it before. But there were a lot of steps along the way. Some of the cool pre-1995 moments in 3D Animation History:

Tron (1982) - First use of 3D Animation in a motion picture.
Star Trek II: The Wrath of Kahn (1982) - First use of 3D animation involving fractal landscapes.
Adventures of Andre and Wally B. (1984) - First 100% 3D animated short. Pixar's First.
The Last Starfighter (1984) - First realistic 3D CGI space battles.
Dire Straits' "Money for Nothing" Video (1985) - First use of 3D animation in a music video, many people's first exposure to 3D animation.
Luxo Jr. (1986) - First successful 3D animated short using realistic objects and lighting.
Tin Toy (1988) - First 3D animated short to win an Oscar, and first to use a realistic human form.
McDonalds "Two for Two Dollars" Advertisement (1989) - First convincing use of 3D animated mouths synched with speech.
The Mind's Eye (1990) - A collection of early 3D animated shorts, includes "The Seed" the first attempt at animated organic elements.
Beauty and the Beast (1991) - First use of 3D elements to enhance a 2D animated feature.
ReBoot (1993) - First 3D Animated Saturday Morning Cartoon series.
Jurassic Park (1994) - First use of 3D Organic CGI in a movie, 3D animated dinosaurs.

3D Animated Films 1995 - 2005

In 1995, Toy Story was a huge hit. The film literally started an industry. Pixar blazed the way, but a small upstart company called Pacific Data Images (PDI) also got lots of attention in 1995 by producing the 3D Simpsons segment Homer3. They would produce the second 3D animated film Antz and would become Pixar's biggest competitor.

Here is a detailed list of all the 3D animated films from 1995 - 2005:

Toy Story (1995)
Directed by John Lasseter
Animation by Pixar
Released by Disney
Animation **
Movie ***
Official Site
The first and still one of the best. This film started it all. You may ask why I only give it two stars for animation, it is because this is the baseline film all the others are measured by.
Toy Story
won a special Oscar for being a breakthrough film. It reinvented animation forever. Tom Hanks should have won his third Oscar for his voice work as Woody.
Noteworthy: First 3D Animated Feature!
Antz (1998)
Directed by Eric Darnell and Tim Johnson
Animation by PDI
Released by Dreamworks
Animation **
Movie ***
Wiki
Battling 3D animated films about ants were in a race to be in theaters first. Disney blinked in hopes of bringing in the kid traffic during Thanksgiving Day weekend, and Antz came out in October.
Antz
was geared toward a more mature audience anyways. Woody Allen starred as "Ant z" a neurotic ant who wants to stand out from the crowd and it causes him no end of trouble. A great film even if it wasn't the second 3D film.
Noteworthy: A few scenes featured thousands of animated ants, the first animated crowd scenes.
A Bugs Life (1998)
Directed by John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton
Animation by Pixar
Released by Disney
Animation ***
Movie **
Official Site
This "Magnificent Seven" like plot about a group of circus performing bugs rescuing an ant hill from a gang of evil grasshoppers was a step beyond the two films that came before.
This film was geared more toward kids than Antz, and as a result it ultimately made more money.
Noteworthy: Antz may have had crowd scenes first, but A Bugs Life had some crowd scenes where every ant was doing something different. It just shows the attention to detail that goes into a Pixar film.
Toy Story 2 (1999)
Directed by Ash Brannon and John Lasseter
Animation by Pixar
Released by Disney
Animation ***
Movie ****
Official Site
Easily one of the funniest films, for both kids and adults, of the decade. Even though 1999 was a particularly good year for movies, Toy Story 2 managed a place on many critics top 10 lists.
Noteworthy: Numerous advances in texture layer maps allowed realistic hair and even realistic cotton swabs. Especially impressive was the hairy arms of Al of "Al's Toy Barn" which is probably the most realistic looking animated character until Aki in Final Fantasy came along.
Dinosaur (2000)
Directed by Eric Leighton and Ralph Zondag
Animation by Disney Animation
Released by Disney
Animation ***
Movie *
Wiki
The first ten minutes of the film, which was also featured on the trailer, was the most impressive thing I had ever seen in an animated movie. Unfortunately, when the dinosaurs and monkeys started talking, the film went downhill quickly.
This is pure kids fare and nothing more.
Noteworthy: Much of the backgrounds were not animated at all, they were filmed locations, making this the first hybrid 3D-Live Action film made entirely of 3D characters.
Sinbad: Beyond the Veils of the Mist (2000)
Directed by Evan Ricks
Animation by Pentafour
Released by Phaedra/Trimark
Animation *
Movie *
This film was only released in theaters in the western states, but was eventually shown nationwide on Fox. It was an experimental collaboration between an American motion capture house (Improvision) and an animation company based out of India (Pentafour). Being experimental it ultimately was not that impressive.
Noteworthy: First 3D animation import (it won't be the last as many Anime houses in Japan are experimenting with 3D), first 3D animation feature that used motion capture (actors performing the moves for the 3D characters) extensively.
Shrek (2001)
Directed by Andrew Adamson and Vicky Jenson
Animation by PDI
Released by Dreamworks
Animation ***
Movie ****
Official Site
The makers of Antz went for a wider audience and scored big. The wonderful talents of Mike Meyers, Eddie Murphy, Cameron Diaz, and John Lithgow made the wildly funny script into movie magic. It became the most successful 3D film, a distinction it would hold for two more years. It also won the first Oscar ever for Animated Long Feature, beating out two other 3D animated films.
Noteworthy: Like Antz, huge crowds of characters on the screen simultaneously, this time every character not only looks different but acts different.
Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within (2001)
Directed by Hironobu Sakaguchi and Moto Sakakibara
Animation by SquareSoft
Released by Sony/Columbia
Animation ****
Movie *
Wiki
SquareSoft has been doing some impressive realistic animation on their video games for years, so why not break into movies? Lesson one, get a good script!
In this otherwise good year for 3D animation, Final Fantasy:TSW managed to lose between 110 and 160 million dollars, making it one of the biggest box office busts in movie history.
Noteworthy: This film is easily one of the best looking films ever. Using motion capture, and improved hair technology, it combined ultra realism with fantastic dreamlike effects with impressive results.
Monsters, Inc. (2001)
Directed by Peter Docter and David Silverman
Animation by Pixar
Released by Disney
Animation ****
Movie ****
Official Site
If you think Aki's head of hair in Final Fantasy was impressive, check out the realistic hair covering Scully's entire body in Monster's, Inc. Also unlike FF, it had one of the most original scripts of any film (animated or not) in 2001. Mike and Scully are the modern day Abbot and Costello.
Noteworthy: I was one of many who thought Monsters should have won the Oscar over Shrek. It got its revenge the next year when an animated short "Mike's New Car" featuring the same characters won for best animated short.
Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius (2001)
Directed by John A. Davis
Animation by DNA Productions
Released by Paramount
Animation **
Movie **
Official Site
While Jimmy Neutron may have been the least impressive 3D film of the four in 2001, it may well prove the most influential of the four: It was the first successful low budget 3D animated feature.
While us 3D animation junkies can spot the shortcuts used in this film, most of the viewing audience cannot. It made enough money to pay for the Dallas Texas based animation studio it was created in.
Noteworthy: First 3D animated film produced entirely on desktop computers, running off the shelf Lightwave software which anyone can purchase for $600.
Ice Age (2002)
Directed by Carlos Saldanha and Chris Wedge
Animation by Blue Sky/Fox Animation
Released by 20th Century Fox
Animation **
Movie **
Official Site
The failure of Titan A.E. in 2000 nearly ended the animation department of Fox Studios, until the company owned CGI house Blue Sky proposed getting into less risky 3D animation (this was after they won an Oscar for a short called Bunny and before the colossal failure of Final Fantasy).
The result was Ice Age, a 3D film that looks more like Chuck Jones than Pixar, though not as funny as either (except for that Squirrel with the Acorns who deserves its own series of shorts.)
Noteworthy: First film by Blue Sky Productions and they are already a major player along side Pixar and PDI.
Jonah: A Veggie Tales Movie (2002)
Directed by Mike Nawrocki and Phil Vischer
Animation by Big Idea 
Released by Artisan
Animation *
Movie (not reviewed)
Official Site
Nickelodeon's 3D animated TV series Veggie Tales makes its way to the big screen, and from the previews and stills I have seen, it looks like a TV series ported to the big screen.
Noteworthy: First 3D animated feature based on a TV series.
Finding Nemo (2003)
Directed by Andrew Stanton and Lee Unkrich
Animation by Pixar
Released by Disney
Animation ****
Movie ****
Official Site
Pixar gave us talking toys, talking bugs, talking monsters, and now talking fish, and like the previous films, this one impresses.
Most of the film takes place under water, giving us a whole new visual world we have not seen before. Add an adorable father and son story, a hilariously funny fish with memory problems, and a cast of wonderful supporting players both ocean based and aquarium based, and you have a wonderful film.
Noteworthy: Passed Shrek to be the most successful 3D animated film ever, also it holds the second spot of any film with box office and critical acclaim so far in 2003.
Shrek 2 (2004)
Directed by Andrew Adamson and Kelly Asbury
Animation by PDI
Released by Dreamworks
Animation ****
Movie ***
Official Site
The second sequel in 3D Feature Animation history is like a typical sequel. Not as good as the original, but still very funny. Lets face it, convincing skeptical parents may be as hard as stopping a dragon, but it is not quite as exciting. Loved the pub filled with famous bad guys, including captain hook playing the piano with his hook, and also "Puss in Boots".
Noteworthy: Managed $108 million on its opening weekend, one of the biggest weekends in movie history. Passed Finding Nemo as the most successful 3D film.
Shark Tale (2004)
Directed by Bilbo Bergeron and Vicky Jenson
Animation by PDI
Released by Dreamworks
Animation ****
Movie **
Official Site
Produced by the same people who did Shrek, this fish tale looks nothing like Finding Nemo, which it will be unfairly compared to no doubt. Will Smith plays the voice of a small fish who takes credit for defeating a shark, only to face danger from the shark "mob". It has some funny moments, but the story seems a bit over done. This film was too hip for its own good. As Roger Ebert stated, how many kids will get the references to Jaws and The Godfather, two R rated films from 30 years ago?
Noteworthy: This 3D animated film to marketed itself based on the voice talents alone, and all the animation was done based on the actors real faces.
The Incredibles (2004)
Directed by Brad Bird
Animation by Pixar
Released by Disney
Animation *****
Movie ****
Official Site
This film about a family of superheroes may be one of the best 3D films so far. This is Brad Bird's first writing and directorial job with Pixar, but his previous animation experience includes "Creative Consultant" credits during the best seasons of The Simpsons and directing the highly underrated feature The Iron Giant.
Noteworthy:
Many of the most difficult problems in 3D animation include realistic clothing, realistic hair, and one of the most difficult, realistic water. Pixar has broken new ground once again, by getting past these problems and creating an artistic masterpiece as well.
The Polar Express (2004)
Directed by Robert Zemeckis
Animation by Sony Imageworks / Universal CGI
Released by Warner Bros.
Animation ***
Movie **
3D Imax Version ***
Official Site
With Oscar winning director Robert Zemeckis (Forest Gump, Back to the Future), and the voice talents of Tom Hanks, and a popular children's book to work with, this movie has a lot of talent behind it. Warner Brothers is the sixth major studio to jump on the 3D animation band wagon. The "Performance Capture" sometimes lags behind traditional animation, but it is a marked improvement over motion capture used in Sinbad.
Noteworthy: First use of the next generation motion capture technology called "Performance Capture" which not only works with body movement, but also face movement and expression. First feature length animated 3D IMAX film.
Robots (2005)
Directed by Carlos Saldanha and Chris Wedge
Animation by Blue Sky
Released by 20th Century Fox
Animation ****
Movie***
Official Site
Like Ice Age the biggest influence on this film is the Looney Toons shorts. This film is far funnier than Ice Age however. Two reasons: 1)  two animated sequence, one a cross town transport, one a dominos gag, that are inspired genius, 2) the inclusion of Robin Williams in the cast, whose last animated feature Aladdin is a comedy classic. The cute and clever film is designed to be a satire on human life. We do not know how these robots evolved, and we don't care. They seem human enough. 
Now 3D animators know right off the bat that robot characters are easier than say humans or monsters, because the robots are made up of basic geometrical parts. The hard part is putting a human touch into these geometrical parts. Every character in this film is an original look and design, there are no generic looking robots, because the animators refuse to define "generic". Combine that with a bright color palate, and you have a beautiful looking film.
Madagascar (2005)
Directed by Eric Darnell
and Tom McGrath
Animation by PDI
Released by Dreamworks
Animation ****
Movie**
Official Site
This is the third of four movies released by Dreamworks Animation over two years. It has done very well at the box office, (its the only animated movie during summer 2005) but it is not shattering records (box office is down this year across the board). 
Valiant (2005)
Directed by Gary Chapman
Animation by Vanguard Animation
Released by Disney
Animation**
Movie*
Official Site
A British import released by Disney (during a summer with very few animated films). The animation in the trailer looks first rate, but the rendering engine they used is second rate, lots of weird shadow blotches on the faces. This is the first by Vanguard Animation.
Chicken Little (2005)
Directed by Mark Dindal
Animation by Disney Animation
Released by Disney
Animation ***
Movie ***
Official Site
Disney's first "in house" (non-Pixar) 3D animated feature since Dinosaur. The trailer found on the official site is very funny. "This time the sky really is falling"
Delgo (?)
Directed by Mark F Adler and Jason Maurer
Animation by Fathom Studios
Opening ?
Official Site
This is a footnote film created during the 1995-2005 time frame. It has still not been released.

Its the first sci-fi fantasy animation since Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within scared everyone away from the genre. It also holds the distinction of being Anne Bancroft's last movie credit. Being made independently, the project was started in 1998, and does not yet have a distributor or an official release date. It was originally scheduled for 2003. Now in 2007 it has a web site, but still no firm release date.


Other notable shorts, TV shows, direct to video, and 3D animation in movies from 1995 to 2005:

Simpsons "Homer Cubed"(1995) - First use of 3D in primetime TV, first commercial project by PDI
Geri's Game (1997) - Oscar winning 3D Animated Short
Santa vs. The Snowman (1997) - First major success of DNA (Jimmy Neutron), appeared on IMAX in 2002.
Bunny (1998) - Oscar winning 3D Animated Short, First successful work of Blue Sky (Ice Age)
Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace (1999) - First 3D character (Jar Jar Binks) in a live action film.
Walking with Dinosaurs (1999) - Documentary series featuring 3D Animated Dinosaurs
It's Tough to Be a Bug (1999) - First 3D Animation in 3D. Shown at Disney's Animal Kingdom and Disney's California Adventures.
For The Birds (2001) - Oscar winning 3D Animated Short
Mike's New Car (2002) - Oscar winning 3D Animated Short
Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002) - Won Special Effects Oscar largely because of 3D character Gollum.
The Final Flight of Osiris (2003) - A prequel episode to Matrix Reloaded, appears on "Animatrix" DVD.
Father of the Pride (2004) - First 3D animated TV show in prime time.
Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas (2004) - A "direct to video" 3D animated film starring the classic Disney characters.
Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children (2004) - A Japanese 3D "anime" from the makers of Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within. A dubbed version was released in the US in 2006 only on video.

2006 3D Animation Goes Mainstream

2006 marks the turning point when 3D animation goes from innovative to mainstream, and even fairly routine. Two events marked the occasion.

First, Disney bought Pixar outright. The two companies had been battling over distribution rights. Pixar wanted to go independent after Cars, and former CEO of Disney Michael Eisner wanted to let them. Then Eisner lost power, Disney's in house 3D project Chicken Little did not do so well, and Disney decided they could not afford to lose Pixar, so they just bought them for a few billion dollars. 

Second, in 2006, there were 13 3D animated films released, more than half the total of the previous 10 years, and they ran the gamut from really good to really awful. It sort of marks a change in the world of 3D animation -- the novelty has officially worn off.

Before 2006, 3D film were virtually guaranteed a big audience. They were events to see. Not any more. Computer animation has become "old hat". Thanks to techniques such as performance capture, these movies can be produced quickly and cheaply. Now traditional animation films are rare and far between.

Here is the list of all 13 from 2006:

Hoodwinked (2006) **
Directed by Cory and Todd Edwards
Animation by Blue Yonder Films
Released by The Weinstein Company
Official Site
Doogal (2006) *
Animation by Action Films
Released by The Weinstein Company
Noteworthy: A French import dubbed into english
Ice Age 2: The Meltdown (2006) ***
Directed by Carlos Saldanha
Animation by Blue Sky
Released by 20th Century Fox
Official Site
The Wild (2006) *
Directed by Steve "Spaz" Williams
Animation by Complete Pandemonium
Released by Disney
Official Site
Noteworthy:
First full length feature for Complete Pandemonium, an animation studio who up till now has done mostly TV spots like the Blockbuster hamster ads.
Over the Hedge (2006) ***
Directed by Tim Johnson and Karey Kirkpatrick
Animation by Dreamworks Animation
Released by Dreamworks
Official Site
Cars (2006) ***
Directed by John Lasseter
Animation by Pixar
Released by Disney
Official Site
Monster House (2006) ****
Directed by Gil Kenan
Animation by Sony Pictures Animation
Released by Columbia
Trailer
Ant Bully (2006) ***
Directed by John A Davis
Animation by DNA Productions
Release by Warner Brothers
Official Site
Barnyard (2006) **
Directed by Steve Oedekerk
Animation by Nickelodeon Pictures
Released by Paramount
Official Site
Everyone's Hero (2006) **
Directed by Colin Brady, Christopher Reeve, Dan St. Pierre
Animation by Digital Production Solutions
Released by 20th Century Fox
Official Site
Noteworthy: The late Christopher Reeve is given directing credit, he was working on this film at the time of his death. This is the first animated feature by Digital Production Solutions whose only other credit I could find was an interactive DVD game called Scourge of the World: A Dungeons and Dragon's Adventure
Open Season (2006) ***
Directed by Roger Allers and Jill Culton
Animation by Sony Pictures Animation
Released by Columbia
Official Site
Flushed Away (2006) ***
Directed by David Bowers and Sam Fell
Animation by Aardman Animations
Released by Dreamworks
Official Site
Noteworthy:
First 3D animated film by Aardman Studios, who usually do clay animations like Nick Price's Wallace and Gromit
Happy Feet (2006) ****
Directed by George Miller
Released by Warner Brothers
Official Site
Noteworthy: Like Polar Express, this film was released in 3D IMAX at the same time it is released in theaters. Won the Oscar for Best Animated Feature

 

So, I'm ending this list where it is, as a history of 3D animation from innovative beginning, to blockbuster genre, to mainstream routine.

Post Script

So why is a site dedicated to life in the metaverse, spend so much time on 3D animated films? The history of these films parallels almost exactly the history of 3D gaming. The first primitive 3D games like Battlezone came out in the early 80's, but the first true 3D game Doom came out in 1993, and today 3D gaming is pretty routine.

It also parallels online RPG gaming. From MUDs in the early 1980s, to LAN parties in the 1990s, to Ultima Online in 1997, to the large number of games like World of Warcraft today.

And social online games, From 2D Habitat in the 1980's, to Active Worlds in 1995, to the ever expanding Second Life and There in 2003, to multiple 3D social networks now in development.

All four of these industries are heavily influencing one another, and technologies in one tend to show up in the others. Will we see the beautiful water effects of The Incredibles in games someday? Yes! Just as soon as we figure out how to reduce the rendering from hours per frame to a few frames a second.